TY - JOUR
T1 - Inflammation and hypertension
T2 - The interplay of interleukin-6, dietary sodium, and the renin-angiotensin system in humans
AU - Chamarthi, Bindu
AU - Williams, Gordon H.
AU - Ricchiuti, Vincent
AU - Srikumar, Nadarajah
AU - Hopkins, Paul N.
AU - Luther, James M.
AU - Jeunemaitre, Xavier
AU - Thomas, Abraham
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: We gratefully acknowledge the support of the dietary, nursing, administrative, and laboratory staff of the General clinical Research centers in which these studies were performed, three of which were supported by grants from the National center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health (NIH) (M01RR02635, M01RR00095, M01RR00064).We also acknowledge the numerous investigators, fellows, nurses and research coordinators at each of the study sites, who have participated in the HyperPAtH study group. We gratefully acknowledge their contribution to the study of these subjects. this research was supported by the following grants:the NIH grants HL47651, HL59424, DK63214, HL094452, a Specialized center of Research (ScOR) in Molecular Genetics of Hypertension (P50HL055000) and a K30 Grant (NcRR) RR02229207. B.c. was supported by the following grants: t32 HL007609 (NIH) and 5 KL2 RR025757 (NIH). A.t. was funded by a K23 award from the NIH (5K23RR017394).
PY - 2011/10
Y1 - 2011/10
N2 - BackgroundPrior evidence suggests a link between inflammation and hypertension. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in animal studies to play an important role in angiotensin II (ANGII)-mediated hypertension. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of IL-6 and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity in human hypertension.MethodsData from 385 hypertensives and 196 normotensives are included in this report. Blood pressure and laboratory evaluation were performed on liberal and low sodium diets. IL-6 response to an ANGII infusion was evaluated to assess the effect of acute RAS activation.ResultsHypertensives had higher baseline IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) compared with normotensives on both diets. IL-6 increased in response to ANGII in hypertensives and normotensives (28% in hypertensives, 31% in normotensives, P 0.001 for change from baseline). In the setting of RAS activation by a low salt diet, multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), gender, race, and hypertension status demonstrated an independent positive association of plasma renin activity (PRA) with CRP (Β = 0.199, P 0.001). There was no significant difference in IL-6 or CRP levels between liberal and low sodium diets.ConclusionThese findings confirm an association between hypertension and inflammation and provide human data supporting previous evidence from animal studies that IL-6 plays a role in ANGII-mediated hypertension. Notably, compared to levels on a liberal sodium diet, neither IL-6 nor CRP were higher with activation of the RAS by a low salt diet indicating that a low sodium diet is not inflammatory despite increased RAS activity.
AB - BackgroundPrior evidence suggests a link between inflammation and hypertension. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in animal studies to play an important role in angiotensin II (ANGII)-mediated hypertension. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of IL-6 and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity in human hypertension.MethodsData from 385 hypertensives and 196 normotensives are included in this report. Blood pressure and laboratory evaluation were performed on liberal and low sodium diets. IL-6 response to an ANGII infusion was evaluated to assess the effect of acute RAS activation.ResultsHypertensives had higher baseline IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) compared with normotensives on both diets. IL-6 increased in response to ANGII in hypertensives and normotensives (28% in hypertensives, 31% in normotensives, P 0.001 for change from baseline). In the setting of RAS activation by a low salt diet, multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), gender, race, and hypertension status demonstrated an independent positive association of plasma renin activity (PRA) with CRP (Β = 0.199, P 0.001). There was no significant difference in IL-6 or CRP levels between liberal and low sodium diets.ConclusionThese findings confirm an association between hypertension and inflammation and provide human data supporting previous evidence from animal studies that IL-6 plays a role in ANGII-mediated hypertension. Notably, compared to levels on a liberal sodium diet, neither IL-6 nor CRP were higher with activation of the RAS by a low salt diet indicating that a low sodium diet is not inflammatory despite increased RAS activity.
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U2 - 10.1038/ajh.2011.113
DO - 10.1038/ajh.2011.113
M3 - Article
C2 - 21716327
AN - SCOPUS:80052964672
VL - 24
SP - 1143
EP - 1148
JO - American Journal of Hypertension
JF - American Journal of Hypertension
SN - 0895-7061
IS - 10
ER -