TY - JOUR
T1 - Insulin
T2 - Moments in history
AU - Rendell, Marc
N1 - Funding Information:
S. D. O. would like to thank M. C. Abdalla for kind hospitality at IFT, Sao Paulo. This research has been supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan under Grant No. 13135208 (S.N.), by Grant No. 2003/09935-0 of FAPESP, Brazil (S. D. O.), and by Project No. BFM2003-00620, Spain (S. D. O.).
PY - 2008/5
Y1 - 2008/5
N2 - The isolation of insulin by Banting and Best in 1922 was a historic event of life-saving importance. Thousands of individuals doomed to die of type I diabetes were saved. The inspiring story of insulin continued to grow and evolve with the development of PZI, NPH, and lente insulins. The advent of production of human insulin from recombinant DNA brought an end to the extraction of insulin from animal pancreas. Modification of the amino acid sequences of insulin led to new forms of fast-acting insulin, such as lispro, aspart, and glulisine, and to long-acting insulins like glargine and detemir. The technology of insulin pumps advanced from large, cumbersome equipment to present-day devices no bigger than a hand calculator. The accuracy of implantable glucose sensors improved progressively, culminating in the approval of devices that will soon exert reliable feedback control of insulin pumps. Transplantation of the pancreas offers a cure for type I diabetes, and the development of islet cell transplantation continues. It is now appreciated that islet cells regenerate in the normal pancreas, and islet cell neogenesis agents have been identified and may eventually contribute to the reversal of diabetes.
AB - The isolation of insulin by Banting and Best in 1922 was a historic event of life-saving importance. Thousands of individuals doomed to die of type I diabetes were saved. The inspiring story of insulin continued to grow and evolve with the development of PZI, NPH, and lente insulins. The advent of production of human insulin from recombinant DNA brought an end to the extraction of insulin from animal pancreas. Modification of the amino acid sequences of insulin led to new forms of fast-acting insulin, such as lispro, aspart, and glulisine, and to long-acting insulins like glargine and detemir. The technology of insulin pumps advanced from large, cumbersome equipment to present-day devices no bigger than a hand calculator. The accuracy of implantable glucose sensors improved progressively, culminating in the approval of devices that will soon exert reliable feedback control of insulin pumps. Transplantation of the pancreas offers a cure for type I diabetes, and the development of islet cell transplantation continues. It is now appreciated that islet cells regenerate in the normal pancreas, and islet cell neogenesis agents have been identified and may eventually contribute to the reversal of diabetes.
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U2 - 10.1002/ddr.20232
DO - 10.1002/ddr.20232
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:49449101277
VL - 69
SP - 95
EP - 100
JO - Drug Development Research
JF - Drug Development Research
SN - 0272-4391
IS - 3
ER -