TY - JOUR
T1 - Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
T2 - A thorough review, present status and future perspective as HIV therapeutics
AU - Holec, Ashley D.
AU - Mandal, Subhra
AU - Prathipati, Pavan Kumar
AU - Destache, Christopher J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Present work and publication has been funded by NIAID R01AI117740-01, 2015 (to C.J.D.). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Bentham Science Publishers.
Copyright:
Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/12/1
Y1 - 2017/12/1
N2 - Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a severe viral infection that has claimed approximately 658,507 lives in the US between the years 2010-2014. Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has proven to inhibit HIV-1, but unlike other viral illness, not cure the infection. Objective: Among various Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved ARVs, nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are most effective in limiting HIV-1 infection. This review focuses on NRTIs mechanism of action and metabolism. Methods: A search of PubMed (1982-2016) was performed to capture relevant articles regarding NRTI pharmacology. Results: The current classical NRTIs pharmacology for HIV-1 prevention and treatment are presented. Finally, various novel strategies are proposed to improve the efficacy of NRTIs, which will increase therapeutic efficiency of present-day HIV-1 prevention/treatment regimen. Conclusion: Use of NRTIs will continue to be critical for successful treatment and prevention of HIV-1.
AB - Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a severe viral infection that has claimed approximately 658,507 lives in the US between the years 2010-2014. Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has proven to inhibit HIV-1, but unlike other viral illness, not cure the infection. Objective: Among various Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved ARVs, nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are most effective in limiting HIV-1 infection. This review focuses on NRTIs mechanism of action and metabolism. Methods: A search of PubMed (1982-2016) was performed to capture relevant articles regarding NRTI pharmacology. Results: The current classical NRTIs pharmacology for HIV-1 prevention and treatment are presented. Finally, various novel strategies are proposed to improve the efficacy of NRTIs, which will increase therapeutic efficiency of present-day HIV-1 prevention/treatment regimen. Conclusion: Use of NRTIs will continue to be critical for successful treatment and prevention of HIV-1.
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U2 - 10.2174/1570162X15666171120110145
DO - 10.2174/1570162X15666171120110145
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29165087
AN - SCOPUS:85042743713
VL - 15
SP - 411
EP - 421
JO - Current HIV Research
JF - Current HIV Research
SN - 1570-162X
IS - 6
ER -