TY - JOUR
T1 - Specific sides to multifaceted glycosaminoglycans are observed in embryonic development
AU - Kramer, Kenneth L.
N1 - Funding Information:
I appreciated the constructive comments from Keji Zhao, Matt Hoffman, Charley Tharp, Kathy Chu, and Ashok Srinivasan. Research in my laboratory is funded by the intramural program of NHLBI, NIH. The content is solely the responsibility of the author and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute or the National Institutes of Health.
Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2010/8
Y1 - 2010/8
N2 - Ubiquitously found in the extracellular matrix and attached to the surface of most cells, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) mediate many intercellular interactions. Originally described in 1889 as the primary carbohydrate in cartilage and then in 1916 as a coagulation inhibitor from liver, various GAGs have since been identified as key regulators of normal physiology. GAGs are critical mediators of differentiation, migration, tissue morphogenesis, and organogenesis during embryonic development. While GAGs are simple polysaccharide chains, many GAGs acquire a considerable degree of complexity by extensive modifications involving sulfation and epimerization. Embryos that lack specific GAG modifying enzymes have distinct developmental defects, illuminating the importance of GAG complexity. Revealing how these complex molecules specifically function in the embryo has often required additional approaches, the results of which suggest that GAG modifications might instructively mediate embryonic development.
AB - Ubiquitously found in the extracellular matrix and attached to the surface of most cells, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) mediate many intercellular interactions. Originally described in 1889 as the primary carbohydrate in cartilage and then in 1916 as a coagulation inhibitor from liver, various GAGs have since been identified as key regulators of normal physiology. GAGs are critical mediators of differentiation, migration, tissue morphogenesis, and organogenesis during embryonic development. While GAGs are simple polysaccharide chains, many GAGs acquire a considerable degree of complexity by extensive modifications involving sulfation and epimerization. Embryos that lack specific GAG modifying enzymes have distinct developmental defects, illuminating the importance of GAG complexity. Revealing how these complex molecules specifically function in the embryo has often required additional approaches, the results of which suggest that GAG modifications might instructively mediate embryonic development.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.06.002
DO - 10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.06.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 20599516
AN - SCOPUS:77955281892
VL - 21
SP - 631
EP - 637
JO - Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology
JF - Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology
SN - 1084-9521
IS - 6
ER -