Abstract
Data available on bacterial resistance to antibiotics in the Middle East and some African countries mainly comprised sporadic nosocomial outbreaks. However, some surveillance studies, such as the PEARLS and ARMed have examined resistance determinants and patterns of common nosocomial pathogens in some Middle Eastern and North African countries. But no national surveillance figures have been published in any of these individual countries. In this chapter we will present reported rates of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in clinically important pathogens such as MRSA, Escherichia coli and other selected Enterobacteriaceae in this geographical region. In addition, we will discuss studies on nosocomial pathogens notorious for multidrug resistance such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as ESBL producers of the Enterobacteriaceae that are prevalent in some Middle Eastern and African countries. These clinically important pathogens were reported to possess various ESBL genes of the TEM-, SHV-, CTX-M-families; as well as the carbapenem hydrolyzing metallo-and OXA-type β-lactamases. Other resistance determinants were also reported and include the integron associated qnr gene, and the aac (6')-Ib-cr gene which codes for aminoglycoside resistance and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. In addition, community acquired infections caused by MRSA and ESBL producers of the Enterobacteriaceae that have been reported in this geographical region will be covered. Because of the disturbing high rates of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in this geographical region, some countries found it compelling to initiate Infection Control programs to hamper the spread of resistant pathogens.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Multidrug Resistance A Global Concern |
| Publisher | Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. |
| Pages | 176-205 |
| Number of pages | 30 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781608052554 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2012 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
The scope of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in some countries in the middle East and North Africa. / Khalaf, Noha Gamal; Hanson, Nancy D.
Multidrug Resistance A Global Concern. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2012. p. 176-205.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - The scope of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in some countries in the middle East and North Africa
AU - Khalaf, Noha Gamal
AU - Hanson, Nancy D.
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - Data available on bacterial resistance to antibiotics in the Middle East and some African countries mainly comprised sporadic nosocomial outbreaks. However, some surveillance studies, such as the PEARLS and ARMed have examined resistance determinants and patterns of common nosocomial pathogens in some Middle Eastern and North African countries. But no national surveillance figures have been published in any of these individual countries. In this chapter we will present reported rates of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in clinically important pathogens such as MRSA, Escherichia coli and other selected Enterobacteriaceae in this geographical region. In addition, we will discuss studies on nosocomial pathogens notorious for multidrug resistance such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as ESBL producers of the Enterobacteriaceae that are prevalent in some Middle Eastern and African countries. These clinically important pathogens were reported to possess various ESBL genes of the TEM-, SHV-, CTX-M-families; as well as the carbapenem hydrolyzing metallo-and OXA-type β-lactamases. Other resistance determinants were also reported and include the integron associated qnr gene, and the aac (6')-Ib-cr gene which codes for aminoglycoside resistance and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. In addition, community acquired infections caused by MRSA and ESBL producers of the Enterobacteriaceae that have been reported in this geographical region will be covered. Because of the disturbing high rates of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in this geographical region, some countries found it compelling to initiate Infection Control programs to hamper the spread of resistant pathogens.
AB - Data available on bacterial resistance to antibiotics in the Middle East and some African countries mainly comprised sporadic nosocomial outbreaks. However, some surveillance studies, such as the PEARLS and ARMed have examined resistance determinants and patterns of common nosocomial pathogens in some Middle Eastern and North African countries. But no national surveillance figures have been published in any of these individual countries. In this chapter we will present reported rates of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in clinically important pathogens such as MRSA, Escherichia coli and other selected Enterobacteriaceae in this geographical region. In addition, we will discuss studies on nosocomial pathogens notorious for multidrug resistance such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as ESBL producers of the Enterobacteriaceae that are prevalent in some Middle Eastern and African countries. These clinically important pathogens were reported to possess various ESBL genes of the TEM-, SHV-, CTX-M-families; as well as the carbapenem hydrolyzing metallo-and OXA-type β-lactamases. Other resistance determinants were also reported and include the integron associated qnr gene, and the aac (6')-Ib-cr gene which codes for aminoglycoside resistance and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. In addition, community acquired infections caused by MRSA and ESBL producers of the Enterobacteriaceae that have been reported in this geographical region will be covered. Because of the disturbing high rates of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in this geographical region, some countries found it compelling to initiate Infection Control programs to hamper the spread of resistant pathogens.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84882738198&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2174/978160805292911201010176
DO - 10.2174/978160805292911201010176
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:84882738198
SN - 9781608052554
SP - 176
EP - 205
BT - Multidrug Resistance A Global Concern
PB - Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
ER -